Positivity Questions for Cylindric Skew Schur Functions
نویسنده
چکیده
Recent work of A. Postnikov shows that cylindric skew Schur functions, which are a generalisation of skew Schur functions, have a strong connection with a problem of considerable current interest: that of finding a combinatorial proof of the non-negativity of the 3-point Gromov-Witten invariants. After explaining this motivation, we study cylindric skew Schur functions from the point of view of Schur-positivity. Using a result of I. Gessel and C. Krattenthaler, we generalise a formula of A. Bertram, I. Ciocan-Fontanine and W. Fulton, thus giving an expansion of an arbitrary cylindric skew Schur function in terms of skew Schur functions. While we show that no non-trivial cylindric skew Schur functions is Schur-positive, we conjecture that this can be reconciled using the new concept of cylindric Schur-positivity. Résumé. Les travaux récents de A. Postnikov montrent que les fonctions gauches cylindriques de Schur, qui sont une généralisation des fonctions gauches de Schur, ont un lien étroit avec un problème actuellement très étudié : trouver une preuve combinatoire de la non-negativité des invariants de Gromov-Witten de 3-pointes. Après avoir expliqué cette motivation, nous étudions les fonctions gauches cylindriques de Schur du point de vue de la Schur-positivité. En utilisant un résultat de I. Gessel et C. Krattenthaler, nous généralisons une formule de A. Bertram, I. Ciocan-Fontanine et W. Fulton, donnant ainsi une expansion d’une fonction gauche cylindrique de Schur arbitraire en termes de fonctions gauches de Schur. Tandis que nous prouvons qu’aucune fonction gauche cylindrique de Schur non triviale n’est Schur-positive, nous introduisons le concept de Schur-positivité cylindrique et conjecturons que tout fonction gauche cylindrique de Schur est Schur-positive cylindrique.
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